III. To enhance infrastructure

Integrated urban and rural infrastructure, moderate leading development, newly-built establishment and existing renovation should be equally emphasized to establish a safe, efficient and perfect modern infrastructure system. Therefore, infrastructure capacity and efficiency can be improved greatly and the city's space layout will be optimized, and Olympic Games and city development needs can be guaranteed.

(I). To construct a comprehensive traffic system

Public transportation will be promoted as a priority and a modern comprehensive traffic system will be established, featuring a reasonable structure, integrated functions, safety, convenience, high efficiency, a combination of rural and urban areas and intra-city integration. The modern system will substantially upgrade the road's loading capacity and provide great help to relieve the traffic jam. 

Urban public transportation. In the year 2010, the following traffic resources will be put into operation: subway line 4, line 5, line 10 phase 1 project, the Olympic branch line and the CapitalAirport railway transportation line. At the same time, it is possible that subway line 9, line 10 phase 2 project and the Yizhuang light railway transportation will be accomplished and subway line 11 and line 4 south extension will start construction, enabling an overall urban traffic network of over 270 kilometers. Roads for public transportation usage will continue to be expanded. Up until 2010, high-speed buses with a large load capacity will cover service of over 40 miles of gross mileage. Urban centre public passenger transport system will take over 40 percent of the daily traffic load.

Inter-city and intra-city transportation. Focused on the city railway, intra-city railways and expressways, the traffic network covering Beijing, TianjinMunicipality and Hebei province should be further perfected, as well as expressway networking transportation connecting city centers, new towns and centre town. The following projects will also be completed: The second route way between Beijing and Tianjin; the north line of the Capital Airport; the south line of the airport; Beijing-Chengde expressway (Beijing section); Jingping expressway; Beijing-Baotou expressway (Beijing section) and the sixth ring road. The expressway mileage will accumulate to over 900 kilometers. The feasibility study to the second Capital airport expressway will be completed, and efforts will be made to start construction Up until the year 2010, an integrated expressway network linking major national highways and around Bohai area highways will take shape, with a calculated road of 16,000 kilometers in the municipality. At the same time, fast roads will connect each remote district/county to city centre. All of the key central towns in plain areas will be connected to  highway. Road networks will cover all the villages and towns within the municipality.

Centre road network construction. An improved road network structure will improve urban traffic capacity. Fast road and south-north trunk road construction will be speeded up. The network will consist of 14 radiating fast roads and 3 fast ring roads. Construction of city micro-circulation traffic system should be speeded up to increase the network density. A total of 59 road surrounding Olympic sites will be constructed to meet the traffic needs of the 2008 Olympics Games. The following roads will finish construction: Tonghui river north Road; Fushi Road; Guangqu Road; Yao Jiayuan Road; Pu Huangyu Road and other fast roads; Zhao Dengyu Road; Lan Dianchang South Road; Beiyuan Road; West Dawang Road; Yuaquan Road and other south north channels and trunk roads including Futong East Street; Chaoyang Road; Wanshou Road, Anli Road. Up until 2010, fast roads in city centre will reach over 280 kilometers.

Static traffic infrastructure. Highway hub construction should be pushed forward, and MajuBridge, Yancun, Shiba li Dian and other level 1 and level 2 freight hub constructions should be accomplished. In addition, the railway freight capacity should be enhanced by the renovation of Beijing North and South Railway Stations and establishing a direct underground line between Beijing Railway Station and Beijing West Railway Station. The expansion of construction at CapitalAirport should be finished as well as the preparations for choosing the second airport's site and the start of construction. Public transportation hubs and the construction of operation sites will be speeded up, so as to complete construction of passenger transportation hubs, Dong Zhimen and Yimu Yuan. Bus and subway ticket system reforms should be carried out along with the promotion of unified IC card. To formulate parking facilities and operation management policies, speed up public parking infrastructure construction and continue to revise residential sites and public building parking standards to strictly forbidden illegal parking. Up until 2010, a parking system according to the road traffic capacity will take shape and ¡°one parking place for one car¡± will be basically realized. Public parking places will account for over 10 percent of automobile quantities.

Traffic management. Based on information and intelligent management, a international advanced road traffic management and information service system and public passenger transportation control and information service system will be established to realize the integration and sharing of all traffic information, scientific allocation of traffic signs and road lineation, as well as improved infrastructure utilization efficiency. To further perfect traffic management facilities and enforce laws and regulations of traffic management and enhance the traffic education to the people, it is important to rectify traffic order and harness potential safety risks to improve overall traffic safety.

(II). To further improve the energy supply system

We should insist on increasing the energy supply, giving priority to energy saving, optimizing structures and ensuring security and initially set up an energy supply system, featuring ¡°electricity as majority supplemented by coal, natural gas, oil, and renewable energy as addition.¡± The various supply resources will supplement each other and develop in a coordinated manner. The principle is to restrict coal volume, increase electricity, natural gas, oil and other high quality energy, with enlarged use of new energy and renewable energy,¡± enabling over 70 percent of high quality energy usage in the total energy consumption.

Electricity power. In order to guarantee electricity supply, the principle of ¡°multiple structures of diversified development focused on electricity supply from other cities and supplemented by the electricity supply within Beijing¡± should be applied to increase overall electricity supply security and emergency reaction capacity. In order to guarantee safe electricity supply, Taiyanggong, Zhengchang Zhuang and other gas electricity plants are to be constructed to maintain one third of the local electricity supply. Based on the principle of ¡°focused on north China, enforce the local supply, multiple channels, and multiple receiving directions of electricity,¡± enforce the electricity receiving channel establishment and ring Network connecting Beijing, Tianjing and Tangshan. The large network of several areas and multiple directions and channels is to ensure the electricity supply and electricity network security to optimize. Beijing 500 kilovolts electricity network, construct 220 kilovolts and 110 kilovolts high voltage network construction is to enhance the supply capacity of electricity network in the city. The aim is to establish a safe, stable, reliable urban electricity network in Beijing in the year 2010.

Natural gas. To fully utilize domestic resources and introduce foreign resources to realize multiple gas supplies so that the supply can be stable and safe. To actively seize supply from central government and related units, natural gas from Shanbei gas field and Talimu gas field will support Beijing. We will assist the national government to speed up the construction of Tangshan Caofei Dian LNG project and introduce foreign piped natural gas. In order to enforce relevant pipe and network construction to enhance the receiving capacity, priorities will be given to the sixth ring road high press transmission project and centre city transmission and distribution system expansion project. We will push forward the natural gas supply to new cities and key towns to speed up suburban energy restructuring.

Finished oil. To fully explore supply sources to guarantee the supply of finished oil in Beijing. The sixth ring road refined oil distribution pipe is to be established and Changxin Dian oil storeroom, Shun Yi oil storeroom and Sha He oil storeroom are to be enlarged. Yanshan to CapitalAirport coal oil transporting pipe and airport coal oil storeroom are to be established to enhance the storage and transporting capacity. We will offer support to Yanshan petrochemical's renovation and expansion project to improve the local oil supply capacity.

Coal. To strengthen cooperation in the coal producing areas of Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Hebei. Coal enterprises in Beijing are encouraged to participate in the construction of North China Coal Base in order to guarantee local coal supply. End coal burning is to be abolished gradually, and construction of new coal burning facilities will be strictly controlled. Clean coal technology is to be encouraged to reduce air pollution. Up until 2010, strictly control the coal consumption in Beijing within 25 million tons. 

New types of energy and renewable energy. To speed up renewable energy development and utilization, such as solar, geothermal, wind, biological energy. Supporting policies are to be formulated. Up until 2010, new and renewable energy will account for 4 percent of total energy consumption.

Heat power supply. Standby heat resources are to be added to current capacity. The heat resources are to be integrated and operated in a combined way and district heating is to be encouraged. Efforts will continue in implementing ¡°coal to gas conversion¡± of boilers smaller than 20 tons. Complete the district heat supply renovation in suburban new cities and areas with clean coal technology; promote distributed energy system, heat pump and other new types of heat supply. 

Energy storage and pre-alarming system. The coal storage base should be reasonably planed. North China underground gas storage should be established to increase the regulating capacity. In 2010, energy safety pre-alarming and emergency response systems will be basically established. 

Column VII: The analysis of the energy supply and demand balance during the Eleventh Five-Year Program

Based on the analysis of the supply elasticity and mutual substitutability of major energy products, the total energy to be supplied to Beijing in 2010 is predicted to be equal to 65 million tons of standard coal. In order to achieve a basic supply and demand balance, efforts should be made to further the economic restructuring, promote increasing energy efficiency and reducing consumption; attention should be paid to environmental improvement and the optimization of the energy structure. Firstly, to improve the reception capacity of natural gas; secondly, to improve the 500 kilo-voltage grid for an enhanced ability to receive electricity; thirdly, to stabilize the coal supply; fourthly, to meet the demand for oil products through market distribution; fifthly, to step up the exploration and utilization of new energies and renewable energies.

Energy consumption structure in Beijing during the Eleventh Five-Year Program 
Variety  Unit  2004  2010 
Actual quantity  Standard amount  Ratio  Actual quantity  Standard amount  Ratio 
Total energy consumption  10,000 ton standard coal    5,140  100.0%    6,500  100.0% 
Coal  10,000 tons  2,943  2,265  44.1%  2,500  1,920  29.5% 
Natural gas  100,000,000 cubic meters  27  328 6.4%  70 850 13.1% 
Oil products(Gas, coal, diesel oil and other oil products)
 10,000 ton  914 1,326  25.8%  1270 1,850  28.5% 
Imported electricity  100,000,000 KWH  308  994 19.3%  480 1,500  23.1% 
Others(LPG¡¢gas and renewable energies)
     227  4.4%    380 5.8% 
Note: total electricity  100,000,000 KWH  510      750     

(III). To guarantee water resource supply

We will insist on supply increases and energy saving; flood prevention and fighting against drought; enhance water resource supplies with the priority of safety water supply to urban and suburban areas. Drainage and flood prevention infrastructure constructions are to be coordinated, and water supply and city flood prevention systems will take shape.

Water supply system. We will speed up the relevant construction within the city of South-North Water Diversion Project and give priority to the water transporting pipe line between TuanchengLake and the Ninth Water Plant, south main trench and regulating water reservoir. Water plants including the tenth water plant, Fengtai Water Plant, and other existing plants will be enlarged. The construction of water supply system in rural areas will be accelerated.

Drainage system. We will construct high standard city drainage system, with the new drainage pipe lines network enabling the separation of drainage from sewage. The combined drainage and sewage pipes and networks will be gradually transformed. Five waste water treatment plants will be built in urban central areas. The waste water treatment plants and sewage networks will be improved in new city areas. Constructions of waste water treatment facilities in central towns will be facilitated.

New water resource diversion. We will proactively push forward the mid-section construction of South-North Water Diversion and complete preparation by the end of 2007 for the Beijing and Shijia Zhuang emergency project. Rain water utilization technology will be promoted, as well as measures of ground filtration and grassland filtering water reserves will be implemented to retain rainwater. Cooperation with upper-stream areas is to be enhanced to increase coming water and improve water quality. Sea water desalinization preparation should be carefully promoted, for the sake of strategic reserve.

Reclaimed water utilization. Reclaimed water resources utilization is encouraged with the priorities to construct Qinghe, North Xiaohe, Wujiacun, Xiaohongmen and Lugou Bridge water reclaim plants and relevant pipes and lines to make reclaimed water an important water source for city greenery and the environment of rivers and lakes. In 2010, urban centre reclaimed water utilization ratio will reach over 50 percent with annual reclaimed water utilization of 600 million cubic metres.

Flood prevention infrastructure. YongdingRiver, BeiyunRiver and ChaobaiRiver flood prevention and control projects are to be constructed to increase the flood prevention capacity of the new towns along river banks. Dangerous water reservoirs should be renovated. YongdingRiver course is to be comprehensively harnessed and a Western suburb floodwater storage and irrigation project is to be constructed.

Water supply storage and emergency response system. Huairou, Pinggu and Fangshan emergency water supplies are to be protected and Changping Machikou head water project is to be constructed. Based on Miyun water reservoir and areas with rich underground water reservoir, a local resource oriented water storage and emergency response system should be established primarily.

Column VIII: The analysis of water supply and demand balance during the Eleventh Five-Year Program

It is predicted by water management departments that during the period of Eleventh Five-Year Program, the city's total demand for water will reach 19.3 billion cubic meters, while the annual average demand stands at 3.86 billion cubic meters. In accordance with the state of water resources and the water supply capability during 1999 and 2004, and calculating on the hypothesis of drought occurring every year, the predicted water supply will be 16.9 billion cubic meters during the period of the Eleventh Five-Year Programme. By the Project of South-to-North Water Diversion and by taping new water sources within the city, accumulatively, another 1.85 billion cubic meters of water can be provided, making the city's total water supply capacity reach 18.75 billion cubic meters. Even in this situation, there is still a shortage of 0.55 billion cubic meters of water during the period of the Eleventh Five-Year Program, which will manifest during 2006 and 2007. Therefore, the whole society ought to resolutely save water and at the same time, reservoirs in such upstream reaches as Miyun and Guanting should divert to the city 100 to 200 million cubic meters of water in times of urgency every year. Besides, it is necessary to develop spare water sources, further reduce water demand in years of great water demand, so as to keep water supply and demand balanced.
 
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(IV). Improve other infrastructure

Infrastructure of information. Aimed at building ¡°digital Beijing¡± and greatly promote broadband communication networks, digital TV networks, next generation Internet and other information infrastructure so as to construct an information service network with reasonable layout, shared resources, interconnectivity, safety and reliability. Radio management should be enforced. Construction of comprehensive information channels should be accelerated, with gradual transformation of spans and lines from on the ground to underground so that a comparatively perfect underground information channel infrastructure will take shape. Wireless communication, cluster communication and other high end network infrastructure will be properly developed.

Infrastructure of the city's public fire control. Fire stations, fire control water sources, fire engine passes, fire control communications and fire-fighting equipment and other infrastructure will be greatly developed to enable the public fire controls capacity to be developed at the same pace with urban development and to increase the city's fire prevention, fire fighting and emergency harnesses capacities.

Postal service. Postal service should be upgraded to increase the capacity of mail treatment and delivering time. Up until 2010, a modern postal network with full functions, reasonable layout and advanced technologies will be realized.

City greenery. In order to meet the requirements of 500 meters service redial, we will continue to build public grassland, 20 ecological leisure parks will be built within the first green belt; establish an aeration pass from the suburbs to the urban centre. Ring shape and radiating green networks surrounding the urban centre will be perfected, as well as roof green projects and vertical greenery be promoted to make the green system a wholesome package. Green penetration of roads, streets and river banks will establish scenes of special gardens. We will enforce integrated planning for famous scenery spots, protection, core resource renovation and upgrade service quality.

Public service facilities of streets. Public service facilities will be improved, including bus waiting booths, telephone booths, newspapers and magazine booths, information booths, advertisement booths, electronic information bulletin boards, open tour site instruction boards, map boards, road guidance boards, newspaper reading boards, decorated street lamps, chairs and dust bins, in order to bring about convenience and upgrade the city's image. Concession will be proactively encouraged in the operation of street public service facilities.

Existing infrastructure renovation. While carrying out new projects, current infrastructure and resources are to be utilized and integrated to speed up storage adjusting and transformation. With new technology, enhanced management and electricity network transformation, we will eliminate hidden security dangers and increase efficiency. Transformation of Beijing east station, south station, north station, Fengtai west station and Shijing Shan south station will be finished, as well as subway line 1 and line 2 transformations, so the interval between two trains can be reduced to 2 minutes 30 seconds. Bus networks and station layouts are to be adjusted. 500 kilometers of water supply pipes are to be transformed to eliminate second water supply hidden risks.

IV. To construct new types of socialist rural areas

It is the important historical task for the capital city to build up new socialist rural areas, as well as an important measure to solve ¡°three dimensional agricultural problems¡± in the context of the new times. During the Eleventh Five Year Program period, we should bases ourselves on production development, rich lives, civilized habits, tidy and clean villages and democratic management, build the new type of rural areas with integrated plans, gradual implementation, governmental guidance, voluntary participation, local features and concrete results to promote a coordinated development.

(I). To speed up the rural economy development

We should insist on putting development on the top of the agenda and help farmers to get rich and rural areas to prosperous. Rural economic restructuring is to be promoted and modern agriculture is to be accelerated. We will also increase non-agriculture development and provide a stable basis for new rural construction.

To develop urban type modern agriculture. The development should be biological friendly, safe, high quality, intensive and highly efficient, aiming to serve the city, improve the environment and increase farmers' income. Through enforcing agriculture structure and optimizing production layout, modern agriculture comprehensive capacities, social service capacities and biological protection capacities can be improved. We will enforce agricultural infrastructure and encourage agriculture infrastructure development. Based on current resources, we will foster a competitive dominant industry belt and product groups to further perfect the water saving irrigation system and achieve more agricultural machinery. The priorities are: Good seeds and cattle; scientific innovation and application; agricultural produce safety and other supporting systems. By accomplishing these priorities, modern agriculture production is to be upgraded. Biological friendly production modes are encouraged to enhance the environmental protection and biological revise functions, including integrated growth and fostering, a combination of agriculture and husbandry, and resources recycling.

To improve non-agriculture industry development. We will integrate industry development and farmers' employment in non-agriculture sectors, speed up the development of secondary and service industries. In the light of resource integration, transformation and improvement, industrial development in rural areas is encouraged, such as the farm produce processing industry with projects of great market potential and brand reputation. Priorities are given to foods and clothing packing. Rural services featuring tourism development are encouraged to integrate agriculture with sight-seeing to form a set of famous brands. To achieve professional markets, logistic allocation centers are to be speeded up and the construction and transformation of farm produce wholesale is to be carried out. The rural service industry should be convenient and environmental friendly.

(II). To push forward urban planning and construction

Based on resource integration, industry fostering and population convergency, urban centre construction should be carried out in a scientific and orderly fashion to improve the overall planning and sound urbanization. 

To develop small towns and cities with diversified features. Insisting on planning guidance and infrastructure construction as priority, urbanization and industry development should be coordinated. Based on industry base, expressway and key infrastructure, central townships that have great influence with advanced economy, proper scale and sound environment will be given priority. A layout of townships with ordered allocation, mutual advantages, reasonable planning and coordinated development will be built. To take advantages of suburban resource, special small towns of modern agriculture and ecological tourism will be constructed, and facilitate the development of new countryside.

To develop new village construction pilot projects. According to socialist rural area requirements and intensive land using and the public infrastructure efficient utilization principle, rural construction should be planned to optimize village layout. Integrated urban and rural development, focused on permanent centre village, will promote transformations of old village and pilots of new village, promoting a set of clean villages and communities with adequate service infrastructure. Village planning designs, new energy resources, new materials, new technology and residential house design services should be available. Necessary policy and fund support is to be put forward to guide farmers to take part in new village construction and explore effective mechanism.

To continue the moving of migrants in mountain areas. Encourage farmers and resident's to move out of areas of debris flow, underground hollows, abandoned coal mine areas and drinking water reserve area. Relevant policies of ecological, production and living migrating are to be perfected, and residents in mountain areas will be encouraged to live in the central villages and small towns to improve their living standards.

(III). To improve public service facilities in rural areas

Take concrete measures to increase government investment, implement a series of programs which directly serve the rural areas, meet the demands of rural residents, benefit people in the rural areas, and proactively push forward the transfer of high-quality urban social public service resources to the suburban areas, to make substantial improvements to the suburban and rural situations, especially the backward situation of infrastructure and public services.

Enhance the infrastructure construction in rural areas. By 2010, the objective of total road coverage networks in all towns and villages in the city will be achieved, the road construction in rural areas will be enhanced, the rural road networks will be improved, the construction of cement roads in the central villages will be accelerated and the production and living standard of the rural areas will be improved.

Improve the level of public services in rural areas. Implement the education support and exchange system of teachers in the urban areas to the rural areas, and continue to improve the schooling conditions in the rural areas, to realize the full qualification of middle and primary school education in rural areas. Strengthen the public sanitary and basic medical service system in rural areas, and further improve the medical conditions of rural residents.

Column IX.  Key constructions in the rural areas during the Eleventh Five Year Program

Pave the roads with cement, and construct the road networks. On the basis of ¡°asphalt roads to every village¡± in all the administrative villages, the project will be expanded to natural villages.

Guarantee safe drinking water. Implement water improvements, drinking water and central water supply projects, and gradually replace the aging facilities. By 2010, the objective of safe water for all rural residents will be achieved, with a 100 percent quality guarantee in drinking water in mountainous areas and a 100 percent guarantee in tap water in plain areas. Safe drinking water for all rural residents will be realized.

Develop clean energy. Improve the rural electric power supply network. Push forward the development of natural gas pipes to new cities and key cities and towns. Lead the rural residents in changing their traditional way of energy utilization, and actively develop clean energies which accommodate the rural features like solar energy, wind energy and landfill gas.

Treat the environment well. Construct the water drainage and wastewater treatment facilities, which are in line with the features of rural areas and speed up the construction of toilets in the rural households. Promote the model of ¡°village collection, township transportation, and district treatment¡± of rural garbage, to improve the sanitary conditions of the rural environment. By 2010, the rural sanitary of toilets will achieve 90 percent, and the harmless treatment rate of township and rural daily disposal garbage will reach around 80 percent.

Speed up construction of information technology networks. Make key efforts in constructing and improving rural broadcasting, television, telecommunications and telephone networks. Promote optical fibers to villages and Internet access to households. By 2010, all the administrative villages of the city will have access to cables.

Enhance basic education and compulsory education in rural areas. Implement education support and an exchange system of teachers from urban areas to rural areas, and continue to improve the schooling conditions in rural areas, to realize the full qualification of middle and primary school education in rural areas. Proactively develop the online education of middle and primary school education in rural areas, and improve the information technology level of rural education By 2010, information network access will be available to the middle and primary schools, as well as kindergartens, in rural areas.

Construct rural medical and sanitary facilities. Strengthen the public sanitary and basic medical service system construction in rural areas, and further improve the medical conditions of rural residents. By 2010, a standard sanitary room will be established in every central village of the city, to guarantee the primary sanitary and health care of rural residents. In line with the demand for pensions in rural areas, a series of service facilities will be established.

Build up the cultural and sports facilities in rural areas. Push forward the expansion of cinemas, cultural centres, libraries and Xinhua Book Store outlets to the suburban areas. Combining the willingness of rural residents and local cultural traditions, plans for the construction of cultural and sports facilities with rural characteristics will be made. Carry out the activities of ¡°civilized villages and towns¡± and ¡°civilized households,¡± strengthen the scientific popularization and advocate a healthy and civilized lifestyle for rural residents.
 

(IV) To channel the employment transfer of rural residents

Shift the emphasis of urbanization to the promotion of production and transfer of lifestyle of rural residents. Guarantee the improvement and prosperity of rural residents, gradually establishing the urban-rural integrated management system and service system, in order to ensure rural residents are employed and settled in the cities and towns.

Carry out technical training of rural residents. Implement the rural labor transfer and employment training projects, and foster the new generation of cultivated, technical and managerial rural residents. During the Eleventh Five Year Program period, more than 100,000 rural residents will be trained annually. In time the next generation of rural laborers will be highly qualified, skillful and examples of professional modern industrialized workers or professionalized employees in the service industry, with the ability to settle down in the urban areas.

Integrate the employment service in both the rural and urban areas. Expand the employment service network and employment promotion policies in the urban areas to the rural areas, improve employment service systems at the township and village levels, and carry out urban-rural employment registration, management and service systems of labor.

Push forward the construction of social security in rural areas. Comprehensively push forward the construction of new cooperative medicare systems in rural areas, and gradually realize the shift from township and district overall planning, to segmentation and city overall planning. Stick to the funding principles of personal custom, collective subsidy and government allowance, and gradually improve the pension system in rural areas, which is in line with the local economic and social development. By 2010, the new cooperative medicare penetration rate in rural areas of the city will exceed 85 percent.

(V) To deepen rural comprehensive reforms

In the principle of good maintenance, realization and the development of rights and interests of the rural residents, efforts will be made to optimize agricultural operation and organization system. Deepen the reforms of rural economic and social management systems, promote of rural productivity and increase the income of rural residents.

Push forward the optimization of agricultural operation and organization system. Seamlessly combine the agricultural industrial development with the expansion of non-agricultural employment of rural residents, actively develop characteristic agriculture, speed up the development of rural secondary and tertiary industries, and promote the overall level of the rural economy. Make great efforts in developing harmless, green and organic farm produce, emphasize the cultivation of characteristic and unique farm produce, guide the development of high-end farm produce meeting personal demand, and support the development of leading enterprises. Adhere to the principles of resource integration, centralized layout, and employment promotion, expand the agricultural industrial chain, and enhance the development of processing, freshness storage and transportation. Give priority to the development of labor-intensive, resource-saving, environment-friendly and suitable metropolis industries. According to the guiding principle of layout optimization and quality promotion, expand the aggregate of sightseeing agriculture and rural tourism, accelerate characteristic professional markets and logistics centers in rural areas, and lead the way to the development of a rural daily life service industry.

Accelerate the rural reform of land systems. According to legitimate, voluntary and paid principles, push forward the rotation of land contracting and management rights, and develop various forms of prudent scale management. Explore the means and methods of access to the rural collective construction land market. Improve the reform of land acquisition system, and facilitate the rational compensation mechanism to rural residents in land acquisition progress. Push forward the intensive utilization of land resources.

Steadily push forward the collective economic reform of property rights systems. In the direction of ¡°assets to equity, and rural residents to shareholders,¡± steadily push forward the reform of property rights of rural collective economic organizations. In ways of contracting, leasing and auction, actively bring reforms in management and utilization of small-scale rural irrigation and drainage infrastructure facilities.

Deepen rural tax for fee reforms and township institutional reforms. Continue to deepen and consolidate the reform results of the rural tax fee reforms. Positively push forward the township institutional reforms, rural compulsory education and township fiscal system reforms, and improve the management efficiency of the government at a grass roots level. Push forward the management mechanism of central towns and villages to transform to street and community management models.

(VI) To complete a favorable policy mechanism concerning rural development

In light of the principle of ¡°more contribution, less gain, and flexibility,¡± strengthen policy integration and expand the coverage of public finance in rural areas, to provide policy and mechanisms to guarantee the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, motivated by urban areas.

Implement favourable investment policies. Invest more at a city level to suburban and rural areas; during the Eleventh Five Year Program period, based on guaranteeing the legitimate growth of city level investment, the ratio of new increase in funding at the city level on education, health, culture, and family planning to suburban and rural areas, should not be less than 70 percent. Put into place funding and allowances to operation of public undertakings at the village level, and make proper additional funding according to actual situations. Continue with the governmental investment transfer to suburban areas; during the Eleventh Five Year Program period, the fixed asset investment from the government to the suburban areas is to be no less than 50 percent, with an emphasis on infrastructure and construction of social and public service facilities as well as guidance of the urban high-quality resources to suburban areas.

Put into place the policies benefiting rural residents. Implement well the direct subsidy policy to encourage grain-planting farmers. Stick to funding support in favour of farmers and agricultural comprehensive development in mountain areas, complete the ecological and forest compensation mechanism in mountainous areas, stipulate and implement various forms of effective supportive protection methods for the water source areas in the mountainous areas, establish industrial adjustment funds in the mountainous areas, and lead and promote the transfer and adjustment of resource exploitation industries. Improve policies to attract social funds to facilitate the facilitated policies for the development of mountainous areas, support the development of green industries, and push forward the policy of mountain protection for the prosperity of the people.

Improve financial services in rural areas. Complete and improve financial services in rural areas, strengthen the major role of the rural commercial banks of Beijing in supporting rural construction. Actively optimize the financial service environment, rationally direct the flow of funds, and promote the rural industrial structure adjustment. Strengthen the construction of an agricultural insurance system, and develop the capacity in response to the natural and market risks.